Interpol (HTML Composition Language)

Interpol is an HTML Composition Language. What can you do with it? Stuff like this:

let label = '%0 is a friend of %1'
renderPeople(people)
 
def renderPeople(people)
  <ul>
  for person in people, friend in person.friends
    <li>
    [person.name, friend.name] | label
    </li>
  end
  </ul>
end
 
def renderPeople(people) when not people
  <b> 'There are no people to render' </b>
end

renderPeople is a partial. Its first form renders a list of interpolated strings resulting from a set of nested loops. The second form is a guarded version that catches the case when there is no people value or it is empty. How easy is that to do with your current template system? I suspect pretty difficult. Maybe not possible at all.

So Why HTML Composition?

There has been a lot of noise about logic-less templates in recent years. The sales pitch is that they enforce separation of concerns, so that business logic doesn't taint the presentation layer. Fair enough, I agree, separation of concerns is a good thing.

In reality the separation of concerns is still violated in many cases, except that it's now your business logic that's often tainted with presentation-specific mapping acrobatics to massage your data into a form the template system will accept. You're also having to leverage helpers extensively, backfilling the 'logic' a logic-less template system refused to provide in the first place.

That being the case, what's the benefit of a logic-less template system? None that I can see. Especially when a developer can still choose to separate concerns in their design. And trust me, most developers are smart enough to make that decision on their own. You don't have to force their hands by giving them tools that paint them into a corner.

Interpol lets you decide and makes sure you're not crippled as a result of your decision.

More About Interpolation

You might ask why the interpolation was so involved. After all, in other systems you could just embed the values directly into the resulting content. You can do something like that in Interpol as well. It would look like this:

person.name 'is a friend of' friend.name

But that approach falls down once you start localizing your application (and you probably will). Interpol was designed with localization in mind. In a real Interpol application, you'd probably define such a label in a single module of localized strings and then pull them into your template with an import statement.

You could have also performed the interpolation using named indexes rather than positional ones:

let label = '%pname is a friend of %fname'
# ... and then inside the for loop ... 
[pname = person.name, fname = friend.name] | label

Interpol and node.js

To use Interpol directly from node.js applications, npm install it like so:

npm install interpol --save

You can then include it in your Node code like so:

var interpol = require('interpol');

Express / hapi Integration

For Express or hapi View Rendering, you can install the interpol-views package with NPM:

npm install interpol-views --save

You can then follow the instructions available at the interpol-views GitHub page.

Interpol and the Browser

To add Interpol as a Bower dependency to your project, do the following:

bower install interpol --save

Inclusion in a Web Page

There are two ways to include Interpol templates in a browser-based application. One is to compile raw templates using the Interpol compiler. Another is to load the templates from pre-compiled bundles. The PEG.js parser used by the compiler is massive and slower than loading JavaScript, but it may be necessary if you want to compile ad-hoc templates.

Note: The entry point function for Interpol in the browser is always named interpol().

Pre-Compiled JavaScript Bundles

Application bundles can be pre-compiled and automatically registered with Interpol. This will allow you to bypass the loading of the compiler and PEG.js parser. Instead, you can load sets of pre-compiled templates from your server for faster initialization.

<script src="build/interpol.min.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script> 
<script src="your_bundle.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script> 

Note: The Interpol command-line interface generates pre-compiled bundles. You can install this globally using npm -g install and can then invoke the tools at your terminal by typing interpol.

Including the PEG.js Compiler

If you must parse raw templates in the browser, you will need to load the version of Interpol that includes the compiler (and its PEG.js parser).

<script src="build/interpol-parser.min.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script> 

Using the Library

To compile a raw template into a closure, invoke interpol(String) as a function. Provide to it a string containing your template:

var compiledTemplate = interpol(someTemplateString);

This will generate a closure that takes up to two parameters, both of which are optional. The first is the data that your template renders. The second is an options object used to override the content writer interface. By default, the library writes to a JavaScript string.

console.log(
  compiledTemplate({
    list: [
      { type: 'task', id: 1, name: 'This is my first task' },
      { type: 'story', id: 2, name: 'This is my first story' }
    ]
  })
);

More Information

More information about Interpol can by found at the Interpol Web Site and in the Interpol Guide.

License (MIT License)

Copyright (c) 2014, 2015 Thomas S. Bradford

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.