TimeSpan

A CSharp-esque TimeSpan object for JavaScript

Anyone who's used C# knows that it has some of the best native libraries on the planet - kudos to Microsoft. Of those, the ones I always find myself wishing for when writing JS code are C#'s TimeSpan and Date structures - so here's the TimeSpan object rewritten for JavaScript developers who want a lightweight, powerful and portable way to play with timespans.

Example

var TimeSpan = require('timespan.cs');
var ts = new TimeSpan(
    5 /*days*/, 
    2 /*hours*/, 
    12 /*minutes*/, 
    7 /*seconds*/, 
    0 /*milliseconds*/);
 
console.log('%s days', ts.toString('TD'));
// -> 5.091747685185185

Creating a TimeSpan

TimeSpans are created one of two ways, either by calling the timespan constructor or by using Date.subtract. Using the constructor allows you to specify the number of milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours and days (or a subset thereof) contained within the timespan.

new TimeSpan(milliseconds);
new TimeSpan(seconds, milliseconds);
new TimeSpan(minutes, seconds, milliseconds);
new TimeSpan(hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds);
new TimeSpan(days, hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds);
 
Date.subtract(anotherDate);
Date.subtract(milliseconds);
Date.subtract(seconds, milliseconds);
Date.subtract(minutes, seconds, milliseconds);
Date.subtract(hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds);
Date.subtract(days, hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds);

Using a TimeSpan

Each timespan makes a number of properties available for you to access, these are split into totalXXX and XXX properties. Total properties return the total number of [milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, years] that are contained within the TimeSpan. These values are Real Numbers, meaning that they have a decimal component representing partial values.

Similarly, the XXX properties represent the number of full [milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, years] within the TimeSpan should all other full values be used. Sounds complicated, it's not - a timespan with 25 hours in it will have 1 day and 1 hour with 0 minutes, 0 seconds and 0 milliseconds.

ts.totalMilliseconds;
ts.totalSeconds;
ts.totalMinutes;
ts.totalHours;
ts.totalMonths;
ts.totalYears;
 
ts.milliseconds;
ts.seconds;
ts.minutes;
ts.hours;
ts.months;
ts.years;

Month and Year Components

It is important to understand that a TimeSpan represents a vector in time - it has magnitude (the amount of time within it) and direction (whether it's forwards or backwards in time) but has no point of origin. Because of the way the Gregorian calendar works (with its funky 28, 30 and 31 days in months and 365/366 days in a year) it is impossible to accurately determine the exact number of days that are contained within a TimeSpan - so what this library does is use the standard 30.4375 days in a month (365 * 3 + 366) / 48 to determine the number of months and years that have passed within a specific TimeSpan. It is important to keep this in mind when working with months and years.

Comparing TimeSpans

TimeSpans can be compared using .equals(), .shorterThan() and .longerThan(), allowing you to easily check how one timespan relates to another. Similarly to the way Date.subtract works, you can specify any subset of days, hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds as arguments instead of a TimeStamp object.

ts1.equals(ts2);
ts1.equals(milliseconds);
ts1.equals(seconds, milliseconds);
// And so on...
 
ts1.shorterThan(ts2);
ts1.shorterThan(milliseconds);
ts1.shorterThan(seconds, milliseconds);
// And so on...
 
ts1.longerThan(ts2);
ts1.longerThan(milliseconds);
ts1.longerThan(seconds, milliseconds);
// And so on...